44 research outputs found
The Phase Dynamics of Earthquakes: Implications for Forecasting in Southern California
We analyze the space-time patterns of earthquake occurrence in southern
California using a new method that treats earthquakes as a phase dynamical
system. The system state vector is used to obtain a probability measure for
current and future earthquake occurrence. Thousands of statistical tests
indicate the method has considerable forecast skill. We emphasize that the
method is not a model, and there are no unconstrained or free parameters to be
determined by fits to training data sets.Comment: email: [email protected]
A Regional Climate Change Assessment Program for North America
There are two main uncertainties in determining future climate: the trajectories of future emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols, and the response of the global climate system to any given set of future emissions [Meehl et al., 2007]. These uncertainties normally are elucidated via application of global climate models, which provide information at relatively coarse spatial resolutions. Greater interest in, and concern about, the details of climate change at regional scales has provided the motivation for the application of regional climate models, which introduces additional uncertainty [Christensen et al., 2007a].
These uncertainties in fine-scale regional climate responses, in contrast to uncertainties of coarser spatial resolution global models in which regional models are nested, now have been documented in numerous contexts [Christensen et al., 2007a] and have been found to extend to uncertainties in climate impacts [Wood et al., 2004; Oleson et al., 2007]. While European research in future climate projections has moved forward systematically to examine combined uncertainties from global and regional models [Christensen et al., 2007b], North American climate programs have lagged behind
Surface Temperature Probability Distributions in the NARCCAP Hindcast Experiment: Evaluation Methodology, Metrics, and Results
Methodology is developed and applied to evaluate the characteristics of daily surface temperature distributions in a six-member regional climate model (RCM) hindcast experiment conducted as part of the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP). A surface temperature dataset combining gridded station observations and reanalysis is employed as the primary reference. Temperature biases are documented across the distribution, focusing on the median and tails. Temperature variance is generally higher in the RCMs than reference, while skewness is reasonably simulated in winter over the entire domain and over the western United States and Canada in summer. Substantial differences in skewness exist over the southern and eastern portions of the domain in summer. Four examples with observed long-tailed probability distribution functions (PDFs) are selected for model comparison. Long cold tails in the winter are simulated with high fidelity for Seattle, Washington, and Chicago, Illinois. In summer, theRCMs are unable to capture the distribution width and long warm tails for the coastal location of Los Angeles, California, while long cold tails are poorly realized for Houston, Texas. The evaluation results are repeated using two additional reanalysis products adjusted by station observations and two standard reanalysis products to assess the impact of observational uncertainty. Results are robust when compared with those obtained using the adjusted reanalysis products as reference, while larger uncertainties are introduced when standard reanalysis is employed as reference. Model biases identified in this work will allow for further investigation into associated mechanisms and implications for future simulations of temperature extremes
Precision measurements of the total and partial widths of the psi(2S) charmonium meson with a new complementary-scan technique in antiproton-proton annihilations
We present new precision measurements of the psi(2S) total and partial widths
from excitation curves obtained in antiproton-proton annihilations by Fermilab
experiment E835 at the Antiproton Accumulator in the year 2000. A new technique
of complementary scans was developed to study narrow resonances with
stochastically cooled antiproton beams. The technique relies on precise
revolution-frequency and orbit-length measurements, while making the analysis
of the excitation curve almost independent of machine lattice parameters. We
study the psi(2S) meson through the processes pbar p -> e+ e- and pbar p ->
J/psi + X -> e+ e- + X. We measure the width to be Gamma = 290 +- 25(sta) +-
4(sys) keV and the combination of partial widths Gamma_e+e- * Gamma_pbarp /
Gamma = 579 +- 38(sta) +- 36(sys) meV, which represent the most precise
measurements to date.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. Final manuscript accepted for
publication in Phys. Lett. B. Parts of the text slightly expanded or
rearranged; results are unchange
Nonlinear Network Dynamics on Earthquake Fault Systems
Earthquake faults occur in networks that have dynamical modes not displayed
by single isolated faults. Using simulations of the network of strike-slip
faults in southern California, we find that the physics depends critically on
both the interactions among the faults, which are determined by the geometry of
the fault network, as well as on the stress dissipation properties of the
nonlinear frictional physics, similar to the dynamics of integrate-and-fire
neural networks.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
An investigation of pressure ulcer risk, comfort and pain in medical imaging
In this study, we investigated the interface pressure of healthy volunteers on medical imaging (MI) table surfaces to determine the risks of developing pressure ulcers (PU). We also investigated volunteersâ perception of pain and comfort while lying on the MI table surfaces. Evidence from this study will enhance the understanding of factors contributing to PU formation and help improve
service delivery to patients undergoing MI procedures
A Study of \bar{p}p -> Two Neutral Pseudoscalar Mesons at the chi_c0(1^3P_0) Formation Energy
Fermilab experiment E835 has studied reactions \bar{p}p -> pi0 pi0, pi0 eta,
eta eta, pi0 eta' and eta eta' in the energy region of the chi_c0(1^3P_0) from
3340 MeV to 3470 MeV. Interference between resonant and continuum production is
observed in the pi0 pi0 and eta eta channels, and the product of the input and
output branching fractions is measured. Limits on resonant production are set
for the pi0 eta and pi0 eta' channels. An indication of interference is
observed in the eta eta' channel. The technique for extracting resonance
parameters in an environment dominated by continuum production is described.Comment: 15 pages, 21 figures, submitted Phys. Rev.
Measurement of the Resonance Parameters of the and States of Charmonium formed in Antiproton-Proton Annihilations
We have studied the ( states of charmonium in formation by
antiproton-proton annihilations in experiment E835 at the Fermilab Antiproton
Source. We report new measurements of the mass, width, and for the
and by means of the inclusive reaction . Using the subsample of
events where is
fully reconstructed, we derive . We summarize the results of the E760
(updated) and E835 measurements of mass, width and (J=0,1,2) and discuss the significance of
these measurements
A View from the Past Into our Collective Future: The Oncofertility Consortium Vision Statement
Today, male and female adult and pediatric cancer patients, individuals transitioning between gender identities, and other individuals facing health extending but fertility limiting treatments can look forward to a fertile future. This is, in part, due to the work of members associated with the Oncofertility Consortium. The Oncofertility Consortium is an international, interdisciplinary initiative originally designed to explore the urgent unmet need associated with the reproductive future of cancer survivors. As the strategies for fertility management were invented, developed or applied, the individuals for who the program offered hope, similarly expanded. As a community of practice, Consortium participants share information in an open and rapid manner to addresses the complex health care and quality-of-life issues of cancer, transgender and other patients. To ensure that the organization remains contemporary to the needs of the community, the field designed a fully inclusive mechanism for strategic planning and here present the findings of this process. This interprofessional network of medical specialists, scientists, and scholars in the law, medical ethics, religious studies and other disciplines associated with human interventions, explore the relationships between health, disease, survivorship, treatment, gender and reproductive longevity. The goals are to continually integrate the best science in the service of the needs of patients and build a community of care that is ready for the challenges of the field in the future